GIPR

GIPR, gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor, alias PGQTL2. GIPR is encoded by the human GIPR gene, which is located on chromosome 19 in the q13.32 region. GIPR is a G-protein-coupled receptor, whose endogenous ligand is glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and which plays an important role in adipogenesis, pancreatic β-cell proliferation, and insulin release that are associated with type 2 diabetes, obesity and neurodegenerative diseases.
Binding of GIPR to GIP activates the adenylate cyclase-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A pathway and promotes insulin secretion.GIPR plays a key role in the regulation of postprandial glucose concentration and promotes insulin secretion under hyperglycemic conditions, and stimulates islet α-cells to release glucagon under hypoglycemic conditions, thereby maintaining glucose homeostasis.
Abnormal expression or dysfunction of GIPR may be related to the pathogenesis of diabetes and is a potential target for diabetes treatment.