RGMA

RGMA is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored glycoprotein that serves as a crucial axonal guidance protein in the central nervous system. Its structural properties enable it to bind with the receptor NEO1/neogenin, exerting multiple functions. RGMA not only regulates neural tube closure, inhibits neurite outgrowth, and modulates cortical neuron branching, but also plays a significant role in regulating inflammatory responses and in central nervous system diseases. In terms of signaling pathways, RGMA activates a series of cascade reactions by binding with its receptors, including the activation of the RHOA-ROCK1/Rho kinase signaling pathway, leading to the collapse of neuronal growth cones and the inhibition of neurite outgrowth. Additionally, RGMA has been found to inhibit the formation of tubular structures in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through the dephosphorylation of FAK downstream of Neogenin, thereby suppressing angiogenesis.