UGT1A1

UGT1A1 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 is an enzyme that plays a key role in the human metabolic cycle and is encoded by a gene on chromosome 2q37. It is a membrane-bound protein with a transmembrane region and catalytic domain, mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The functions of UGT1A1 include bilirubin metabolism, in which it is responsible for converting bilirubin into water-soluble conjugated bilirubin for excretion; drug metabolism, especially for the metabolism of anticancer drug irinotecan, by catalyzing the glucuronidation of its toxic metabolite SN-38 to promote excretion and reduce toxicity; and hormone regulation, involved in the metabolism of estrogen and other hormones, affecting the regulation of hormone levels. The signaling pathways involved in UGT1A1 may involve drug metabolism, bilirubin metabolism, and hormone signaling processes. The gene polymorphism of UGT1A1 has significant effects on bilirubin metabolism, drug response, etc. Individuals with different genotypes may have significant differences in UGT1A1 enzyme activity, which has important clinical significance for individualized treatment.