CD274

CD274, or programmed cell death-ligand 1, alias B7H1, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1, PDL1. The protein encoded by CD274 is a type I transmembrane protein with a molecular weight of 40 kDa, and belongs to the CD molecule and B7 family members.
Its mechanism of action involves binding to the PD-1 receptor and transmitting inhibitory signals that attenuate the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and may control the accumulation of antigen-specific T cells in lymph nodes by regulating the Bcl-2 gene. CD274 may play an important role in the suppression of the immune system, for example, in pregnancy, tissue transplantation, autoimmune disorders, and in other diseases such as hepatitis. Normally, the immune system responds to foreign antigens, triggering the proliferation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells, and PD-1 binds to CD274 to transmit inhibitory signals, thereby suppressing the proliferation of CD8+ T cells.
CD274 expression has prognostic significance in several types of human malignancies and provides tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment by inhibiting cytotoxic T cell activity immune escape.