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Usage
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Receptor for TNFSF18. Seems to be involved in interactions between activated T-lymphocytes and endothelial cells and in the regulation of T-cell receptor-mediated cell death. Mediated NF-kappa-B activation via the TRAF2/NIK pathway.
Gene References into Functions
HTLV-1 infection can modify the expression of main functional transcription factors, FOXP3 and GITRPMID:28101786
a novel molecular mechanism by which MBD4 inhibits GITR expression in a DNMT1-dependent mannerPMID:28542810
Aberrant expression of GITR may contribute to systemic lupus erithematosus pathogenesis. Glucocorticoid may achieve its therapeutic effect partly by inducing GITR expression on Tresps rather than Tregs, which initiates the apoptosis of Tresp cells in SLE patients.PMID:25293713
GITR expression can enhance the sensitivity to Bortezomib by inhibiting Bortezomib-induced NF-kappaB activation.PMID:25973846
GITR is a crucial player in differentiation of thymic regulatory T cells and expansion of regulatory T cells, including both thymic regulatory T cells and peripheral regulatory T cells.PMID:25961057
Data may suggest a key role of regulatory GITR+CD25 low/-CD4+ T cells subset in the modulation of the abnormal immune response in lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.PMID:25256257
results suggest that the GITR rs3753348 polymorphism may be involved in the development and susceptibility of CWP.PMID:25445616
these results show a higher susceptibility to apoptosis in patients' versus controls' T(reg) cells, suggesting that GITR is a T(reg)-cell marker that would be primarily involved in T(reg)-cell survival rather than in their suppressor function.PMID:23929911
Our findings indicate the possible involvement of GITR-GITRL pathway in the pathogenesis of pSS.PMID:23935647
GITR acts as a potential tumor suppressor in MM.PMID:23785514
Data indicate that the mRNAs of CTLA-4 and GITR genes were expressed at lower levels in CVID patients compared to control group.PMID:23432692
GITR is pathologically expressed on Treg cells in systemic lupus erythematosus.PMID:22516990
Liver tumor Tregs up-regulate the expression of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor compared with Tregs in tumor-free liver tissue and blood.PMID:22911397
Results suggest that GITR expression might indicate a molecular link between steroid use and complicated acute sigmoid diverticulitis. Increased MMP-9 expression by GITR signalling might explain morphological changes in the colonic wall in diverticulitis.PMID:22309286
The regulatory SNPs identified in this study will provide useful information for understanding the relevance of sequence polymorphisms in populations of different background and may serve as a basis to study parasite susceptibility in association studiesPMID:21445534
GITRL may contribute to disease pathophysiology and resistance to direct and Rituximab-induced NK reactivity in CLLPMID:22064350
GITR, which transmits a signal that abrogates regulatory T cell functions, was elevated in early rheumatoid arthritis.PMID:21670968
DCs transfected with mRNA encoding a humanized anti-CTLA-4 mAb and mRNA encoding a soluble human GITR fusion protein enhance the induction of anti-tumor CTLs in response to DCs.PMID:22028176
Findings suggest that GITR-expression of TILs is associated with cancer progression.PMID:21694467
Although GITR transgene costimulation can therapeutically enhance T helper (Th) type 2 cell responses, GITR-GITR ligand interactions are not required for development of Th2-mediated resistance or pathology.PMID:21705620
Data indicate that CD4(+) CD25(low) GITR(+) cells represent a low percentage of the CD4(+) T-cell population (0.32-1.74%) and are mostly memory cells.PMID:21557210
study concludes, the rs3753348 C/G SNP in the GITR is associated with Hashimoto's disease prognosis and expression on T(reg) and T(eff) cellsPMID:21592113
GITR rapidly recruits TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) in a ligand-dependent manner; data indicate that the cytoplasmic domain of GITR contains a single TRAF binding site where acidic residues 202/203 and 211-213 are critical for this interaction.PMID:15944293
Since regulatory T-cells are localized in the vicinity of GITRL-expressing cells in atopic dermatitis skin, the GITR/GITRL interaction may serve to perpetuate the inflammation locally.PMID:16955181
This protein has been shown to stimulate T cell-mediated antitumor immunity in mice, and now in a human tumor cell line.PMID:17360848
These data suggest that, despite abnormal GITR expression during HIV infection, GITR triggering enhances HIV-specific CD4(+) T cell cytokine expression and protects HIV-specific CD4(+) T cells from apoptosis.PMID:17538882
although GITR is an activation marker for NK cells similar to that for T cells, GITR serves as a negative regulator for NK cell activationPMID:18230609
CD4(+)CD25(+) effector memory T-cells expressing CD134 and GITR seem to play a role in disease mechanisms, as suggested by their close association with disease activity and their participation in the inflammatory process in Wegener's granulomatosis.PMID:18723571
mechanism of IgG4 induction by regulatory cells involves GITR-GITR-L interactions, IL-10 and TGF-beta.PMID:18924213
Data show that in humans GITRL expression subverts NK cell immunosurveillance of AML.PMID:19155305
mRNA level for CTLA-4, ICOS1, IL-23, IL-27, SMAD3 and GITR were lower in T regulatory cells of children with diabetes compared to the control patientsPMID:19547759
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Subcellular Location
[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 2]: Secreted.
Tissue Specificity
Expressed in lymph node, peripheral blood leukocytes and weakly in spleen.