ENG

Endoglin (ENG, also known as CD105) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells. It acts as a co-receptor for the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family, regulating angiogenesis and vascular homeostasis. Mutations in the ENG gene cause hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1), a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal blood vessel formation. Elevated levels of soluble endoglin (sEng) are associated with preeclampsia and various cancers. Recent studies suggest that endoglin may also play a role in inflammation and thrombus formation. Ongoing research is exploring its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer and vascular diseases.