Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides. In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate.; Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC.
Gene References into Functions
Data support the hypothesis that the neuroprotective efficacy of glutamate carboxypeptidase II knockout in traumatic brain injury is mediated via a reduction in oxidative stress.PMID:27091009
Knockout of the GCPII gene is not embryonic lethal and affords histopathological protection with improved long-term behavioral outcomes after traumatic brain injuryPMID:25872793
Inhibition of glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) activity as a treatment for cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis.PMID:23169655
The combined effects of a haplo-insufficiency of glutamate carboxypeptidase II and dietary folic acid deficiency esult in reciprocal protection against cognitive and social deficits.PMID:22076974
analysis of GCP2 and GCP3; beta-citrylglutamate hydrolase is glutamate carboxypeptidase 3PMID:21908619
active PSMA facilitates integrin signaling and PAK activation, leading to both productive invasion and downregulation of integrin beta(1) signaling via reduced PSMA activityPMID:16809768
This study demenestrated that the heterozygous mice,glutamate carboxypeptidase II, however, developed normally to adulthood and exhibited increased locomotor activity, reduced social interaction, and a subtle cognitive deficit in working memory.PMID:19347959
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Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.
Protein Families
Peptidase M28 family, M28B subfamily
Tissue Specificity
Expressed predominantly in the hippocampal region of the brain and in kidney. Lower levels in the ovary, testis and mandibular gland.