Upon receipt, store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze.
Lead Time
Basically, we can dispatch the products out in 1-3 working days after receiving your orders. Delivery time maybe differs from different purchasing way or location, please kindly consult your local distributors for specific delivery time.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Usage
For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.
Key enzyme involved in DNA replication and DNA repair in nucleus and mitochondrion. Involved in Okazaki fragments processing by cleaving long flaps that escape FEN1: flaps that are longer than 27 nucleotides are coated by replication protein A complex (RPA), leading to recruit DNA2 which cleaves the flap until it is too short to bind RPA and becomes a substrate for FEN1. Also involved in 5'-end resection of DNA during double-strand break (DSB) repair: recruited by BLM and mediates the cleavage of 5'-ssDNA, while the 3'-ssDNA cleavage is prevented by the presence of RPA. Also involved in DNA replication checkpoint independently of Okazaki fragments processing. Possesses different enzymatic activities, such as single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-dependent ATPase, 5'-3' helicase and endonuclease activities. While the ATPase and endonuclease activities are well-defined and play a key role in Okazaki fragments processing and DSB repair, the 5'-3' DNA helicase activity is subject to debate. According to various reports, the helicase activity is weak and its function remains largely unclear. Helicase activity may promote the motion of DNA2 on the flap, helping the nuclease function.
Gene References into Functions
This review mainly encompasses the key functions of DNA2 in human cells with various aspects, especially focusing on the genome integrity, and also generalizes the recent insights to the mechanisms related to the occurrence of cancer and other diseases potentially linked to the mutations in DNA2.PMID:28903076
The authors show that the helicase of hDNA2 functionally integrates with BLM or WRN helicases to promote double-stranded DNA degradation by forming a heterodimeric molecular machine. This collectively suggests that the human DNA2 motor promotes the enzyme's capacity to degrade double-stranded DNA in conjunction with BLM or WRN and thus promote the repair of broken DNA.PMID:27612385
the motor of DNA2 functions as a ssDNA translocase to promote degradation of 5'-terminated DNA.PMID:28336515
The suppression of FANCD2(-/-) by DNA2 knockdowns suggests that DNA2 and FANCD2 also have antagonistic roles: in the absence of FANCD2, DNA2 somehow corrupts repair.PMID:24626199
BRCA1 and CtIP contribute to DSB resection by recruiting Dna2 to damage sites, thus ensuring the robust DSB resection necessary for efficient homologous recombination.PMID:25909997
depletion of DNA2 in cells reduces proliferation, addition of estrogen restores proliferation. cells responding to estrogen will proliferate despite impaired in DNA2 activity, potentially promoting genomic instability and triggering cancer development.PMID:25238049
EXO1, MRE11, and CtIP are not involved in the same mechanism of reversed fork processing, whereas human RECQ1 limits DNA2 activity by preventing extensive nascent strand degradation.PMID:25733713
DNA2 stimulates the helicase activity of BLM.PMID:25200081
WRN and BLM act epistatically with DNA2 to promote the long-range resection of double strand break ends in human cells.PMID:25122754
DNA2 interacts with FANCD2, and cisplatin induces FANCD2 ubiquitylation even in the absence of DNA2.PMID:22987153
These results implicate human DNA2 and the long-patch base-excision repair pathway in the pathogenesis of adult-onset disorders of mtDNA maintenance.PMID:23352259
A characterization of the substrate specificities influencing hDna2 binding and cleavage functions and the sequential interaction of hFEN1 and hDna2 on Okazaki fragment intermediates.PMID:22570407
analysis of Okazaki fragment processing-independent role for human Dna2 enzyme during DNA replicationPMID:22570476
reviews the evidence for the dynamic design of Okazaki fragment processing and the roles of Dna2 and its interacting partners in carrying out this design. [REVIEW]PMID:20131965
Acetylation of Dna2 endonuclease/helicase and flap endonuclease 1 by p300 promotes DNA stability by creating long flap intermediates.PMID:20019387
The purified human Dna2 enzyme contains intrinsic endonuclease and DNA-dependent ATPase activities, but is devoid of detectable DNA helicase activity.PMID:16595799
hDna2 showed ATPase/helicase activity and 5'-3' exo-endonuclease as well as 3'-5' exo-endonuclease activity, indicating that its biochemical properties are very similar to yeast DNA2.PMID:16595800
report here two novel activities of both the yeast and human Dna2 helicase/nuclease protein: single strand annealing and ATP-independent strand exchange on short duplexesPMID:17032657
Replication protein A stimulates the 5'- to 3'-nuclease activity of Dna2 and inhibits the 3'- to 5'-exo/endonuclease activity of Dna2.PMID:18593712
studies illustrate an evolutionarily diversified role of hDNA2 in mitochondrial DNA replication and repair in a mammalian system.PMID:18995831
Data indicate that hDna2 is similar to its yeast counterpart and is a new addition to the growing list of proteins that participate in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA maintenance.PMID:19487465