This kit provides quantitative measurement of CCL4 (MIP-1β) in mouse samples, supporting immunology research focused on chemokine-driven leukocyte recruitment and inflammatory signaling. Because CCL4 is rapidly secreted at low concentrations during early immune activation and varies dramatically between resting and stimulated conditions, precise quantification across diverse sample contexts is essential.
Detection Range: The 3.12–200 pg/mL range spans CCL4 levels from baseline circulating concentrations in naive mouse serum to elevated levels observed during acute inflammation or LPS challenge. Most stimulated samples will fall within range without dilution, though heavily inflamed tissue homogenates may require pre-dilution.
Sensitivity: At 1.56 pg/mL, the kit detects CCL4 in unstimulated macrophage supernatants and resting-state serum, where concentrations often fall in the single-digit pg/mL range — critical for establishing true baseline values before immune challenge.
Sample Compatibility: Validation across serum, plasma, cell culture supernatants, and tissue homogenates enables researchers to correlate systemic CCL4 levels with local tissue production and in vitro macrophage or T cell secretion within a single experimental framework.
Assay Efficiency: The 1–5 hour protocol and 50–100 µL sample volume accommodate limited-volume specimens from mouse bleeds and small-scale primary cell cultures typical of adoptive transfer or bone marrow-derived macrophage experiments.
This kit is particularly suited for studies of viral infection-driven inflammation, tumor microenvironment immune profiling, and CCR5-dependent T cell trafficking.