24T ELISA Kit Trial Size (Only USD$150/ kit)
* Sample kit cost can be deducted as a $30 credit for each 96-assay kit of the same analyte and brand you subsequently purchase within six months until depleted.
More details >>
Interested in a trial size? Please leave a message below.
For
inquiries on large quantities or
another requirements
quantitative
The tag type will be determined during production process. If you have specified tag type, please tell us and we will develop the specified tag preferentially.
Measurement
Sandwich
Storage
Store at 2-8°C. Please refer to protocol.
Shelf Life
6 months
Lead Time
3-5 working days after you place the order, and it takes another 3-5 days for delivery via DHL or FedEx.
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses. Binds to its receptor, GFRAL, and activates GFRAL-expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which constitutes part of the 'emergency circuit' that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions. On hepatocytes, inhibits growth hormone signaling.
Gene References into Functions
GDF15 is a myokine secreted by aging-related stress and may control aging phenotypePMID:29491220
Membrane-protein extraction and use of an intracellular protein-transport inhibitor showed that GDF-15 promoted CaV3.1 and CaV3.3 alpha-subunit expression by trafficking to the membrane.PMID:27353765
CHOP activates Gdf15 transcription via binding to its promoter upon endoplasmic reticulum stress.PMID:28847729
The ANT1-deficient muscle mitochondria produce excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are partially uncoupled. Hence, the muscle respiration under nonphosphorylating conditions is increased. Muscle transcriptome analysis revealed the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis, down-regulation of diabetes-related genes, and increased expression of the genes encoding the myokines FGF21 and GDF15.PMID:28223503
isolating GFRAL as the receptor for GDF15-induced anorexia and weight loss, the identification of a mechanistic basis for the non-homeostatic regulation of neural circuitry by a peripheral signal associated with tissue damage and stress; findings provide opportunities to develop therapeutic agents for the treatment of disorders with altered energy demandPMID:28953886
These data suggest that GDF15 is required for IL-13-induced improvement of glucose intolerance in mice fed an HFD.PMID:28874416
HIF-1alpha and GDF15 expression are inversely related under normoxia and hyperoxia.PMID:28734801
This is the first study defining the role of Mic-1/Gdf15 in a number of behavioural domains.PMID:28081177
epithelial restitution was promoted by enhanced NAG-1 expression and subsequent enterocyte locomotion during the early wound-healing processPMID:27421482
GDF15 is a potent mitohormetic signal that safeguards against the onset of obesity and insulin resistance.PMID:27986797
The aim of this study was to identify the role of endogenous Gdf-15 in the MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD) by comparing Gdf-15 (+/+) and Gdf-15 (-/-) mice.PMID:27115420
The results of this study indicated the importance of Gdf-15 in promoting survival of DAergic neurons and regulating the inflammatory response post 6-OHDA lesion.PMID:26733415
endogenous Growth/differentiation factor-15 is beneficial for axon regeneration following sciatic nerve crushPMID:26077927
repeated cisterna magna administration of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells enhanced endogenous adult hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic activity through a paracrine factor of GDF-15PMID:26154268
Levels of GDF-15 mRNA increased 2 h after induction of ventilator-induced lung injury in WT lungs. Non-hematopoietic cells are the main source of GDF-15. GDF-15 is required for platelet-leukocyte interactions during ventilator-induced lung injury.PMID:25948320
hNAG-1 appears to be a novel therapeutic target in preventing and treating obesity and insulin resistance.PMID:24531647
Collectively, hNAG-1 is an important regulator of mammalian longevity and may act as a survival factor.PMID:25239873
Counterbalance between MIC-1 and ATF3 is critical for deciding the fate of enterocytes under the food chemical stress.PMID:25180886
Growth differentiation factor 15, a marker of lung involvement in systemic sclerosis, is involved in fibrosis development but is not indispensable for fibrosis development.PMID:24504814
Growth/differentiation factor 15 promotes EGFR signalling, and regulates proliferation and migration in the hippocampus of neonatal and young adult mice.PMID:24496615
GDF-15 is therefore prominently upregulated in the retina after optic nerve crush but does not directly interfere with the magnitude and temporal progression of retinal ganglion cell death.PMID:23640134
GDF15 protects the renal interstitium and tubular compartment in experimental type 1 and 2 diabetes without affecting glomerular damagePMID:23986522
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli enhances MIC-1 gene expression in the human intestinal cancer cellsPMID:23503457
knockdown of MIC-1 can decrease RNPC1-induced cell growth suppression.PMID:23836903
This is the first study that demonstrates a protective role of GDF-15 in advanced atherosclerosis and macrophage accumulation, possibly due to the reduced expression of adhesion molecules.PMID:23800095
MIC-1/GDF15 is involved in the physiological regulation of appetite and energy storage.PMID:23468844
GDF-15 is involved in orchestrating atherosclerotic lesion progression by regulating apoptotic cell death and IL-6-dependent inflammatory responses to vascular injury.PMID:23316317
Increased expression of the TGF-b superfamily cytokine MIC-1/GDF15 protects ApoE(-/-) mice from the development of atherosclerosis.PMID:22386250
GDF15 impairs aortic contractile and relaxing function through an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving altered caveolar endothelial NO synthase signaling.PMID:23262134
MIC-1/GDF15 has complex actions on tumor behaviorPMID:22952779
identified the secreted protein follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) as an inducer of GDF15 production.PMID:22675198
The work shows that the molecule MIC-1/GDF15 might be beneficial for the treatment of obesity as well as perturbations in glucose homeostasis.PMID:22514681
These findings suggest that GDF15 could play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of bone loss relevant to hypoxia.PMID:22190281
coronary artery ligation in Gdf15-deficient mice led to enhanced recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the infarcted myocardium and an increased incidence of cardiac rupturePMID:21516086
Regulation of GDF-15, a distant TGF-beta superfamily member, in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia.PMID:21128084
GDF-15 deletion has a beneficial effect both in early and later atherosclerosis by inhibition of CCR2-mediated chemotaxis and by modulating cell death.PMID:21242297
GDF-15 at endogenous levels contributes to proliferation and immune escape of malignant gliomas in an immunocompetent host.PMID:20534737
Data show that MIC-1 is secreted from melanoma cells together with VEGF to promote vascular development mediated by (V600E)B-Raf signaling.PMID:20431030
GDF-15 prevents apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons by activating Akt and inhibiting endogenously active ERKPMID:12514175
GDF-15/MIC-1 is an early mediator of the injury response in kidney and lungPMID:15897808
GDF-15 induction is an immediate early response to liver injury that can occur through TNF and p53 independent pathwaysPMID:16154591
GDF15 is a novel autocrine/endocrine factor that antagonizes the hypertrophic response and loss of ventricular performance.PMID:16397142
gdf15 is a growth factor with dual function either promoting proliferation or growth arrest and differentiation due most likely to differences in cellular differentiationPMID:17286605
GDF-15 has no apparent effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor formation rate, growth rate or invasiveness in diethylnitrosamine-induced HCC in vivo.PMID:18210153
Data conclude that MIC-1 is expressed in adipose tissue and secreted from adipocytes and is therefore a new adipokine. MIC-1 may have a paracrine role in the modulation of adipose tissue function and body fat mass.PMID:19074584
a possible inverse relationship exists between the expression of NAG-1 and COX-2 in tumor formation of colon tissue.PMID:19375854
the NAG-1 protein inhibits urethane-induced tumor formationPMID:19401523
Despite striking similarities in the GDF-15 and CNTF knock-out phenotypes, expression levels of CNTF and other neurotrophic factors in the sciatic nerve were unaltered suggesting that GDF-15 is a genuine novel trophic factor for motor and sensory neurons.PMID:19864576
Show
More
Hide
All
Subcellular Location
Secreted.
Protein Families
TGF-beta family
Tissue Specificity
Highly expressed in liver. Detected in plasma (at protein level). Expressed by cardiomyocytes, expression is highly increased in heart diseases. Also detected in subcutaneous fat.