This ELISA kit provides quantitative measurement of human TNFSF10 (TRAIL), a TNF superfamily member that induces apoptosis selectively in transformed cells while sparing normal tissue. Because soluble TRAIL circulates at low picomolar concentrations and shifts meaningfully during tumor progression or immune activation, precise quantification across both systemic and local compartments is essential.
Detection Range: The 3.9–250 pg/mL range aligns with reported circulating TRAIL levels in healthy human serum (typically 60–150 pg/mL), while capturing the decreased concentrations observed in cancer patients and elevated levels following immunotherapy. Most serum and plasma samples can be assayed neat or with minimal dilution.
Sensitivity: At 1.95 pg/mL, the kit detects TRAIL in low-abundance samples such as conditioned media from unstimulated immune cells or tumor cell co-cultures where secreted TRAIL may fall well below 10 pg/mL.
Sample Compatibility: Validation across serum, plasma, cell culture supernates, and tissue homogenates enables researchers to correlate systemic TRAIL levels with local tumor microenvironment expression and in vitro functional assays within a single study.
Assay Efficiency: The 1–5 hour protocol and 50–100 µL sample volume accommodate limited primary cell supernatants and precious patient-derived specimens common in translational oncology workflows.
This kit supports studies in TRAIL-based cancer immunotherapy, hepatic injury biomarker profiling, and autoimmune disease monitoring.