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Value-added Deliverables
① 200ug * antigen (positive control); ② 1ml * Pre-immune serum (negative control);
Quality Guarantee
① Antibody purity can be guaranteed above 90% by SDS-PAGE detection; ② ELISA titer can be guaranteed 1: 64,000; ③ WB validation with antigen can be guaranteed positive;
Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. The ratio between the highly active tetrameric form and nearly inactive dimeric form determines whether glucose carbons are channeled to biosynthetic processes or used for glycolytic ATP production. The transition between the 2 forms contributes to the control of glycolysis and is important for tumor cell proliferation and survival. In addition to its role in glycolysis, also regulates transcription. Stimulates POU5F1-mediated transcriptional activation. Promotes in a STAT1-dependent manner, the expression of the immune checkpoint protein CD274 in ARNTL/BMAL1-deficient macrophages. Also acts as a translation regulator for a subset of mRNAs, independently of its pyruvate kinase activity: associates with subpools of endoplasmic reticulum-associated ribosomes, binds directly to the mRNAs translated at the endoplasmic reticulum and promotes translation of these endoplasmic reticulum-destined mRNAs. Plays a general role in caspase independent cell death of tumor cells.
Gene References into Functions
PKM2 promotes tumor cell exosome release via phosphorylating protein SNAP23.PMID:28067230
PKM1 interacts with A-Raf, an upstream regulator of the MEK/ERK pathway, and that this interaction contributes to MEK1 phosphorylation by A-Raf.PMID:28743549
infiltrated/activated neutrophils at wound site release pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) by its secretive mechanisms during early stages of wound repair; the released extracellular PKM2 facilitates early wound healing by promoting angiogenesis at wound sitePMID:26808610
The results suggested that targeting PKM2 with an oncolytic adenovirus produced a strong antitumor effect.PMID:28569774
PKM2 activation may protect against DN by increasing glucose metabolic flux, inhibiting the production of toxic glucose metabolites and inducing mitochondrial biogenesis to restore mitochondrial function.PMID:28436957
our results demonstrate that PKM2 is required to support metabolic reprogramming for homocysteine-induced B cell activation and functionPMID:27903739
Jmjd8 is upregulated during endothelial differentiation and regulates endothelial sprouting and metabolism by interacting with pyruvate kinase M2.PMID:27199445
this study identifies a new signaling pathway for CD43 through the regulation of alternative functions of pyruvate kinase isoform M2, favoring cell survival following activationPMID:27606486
results show that the Aha1-Hsp90-PKM2/HIF-1alpha axis mediates the induction of aromatase in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.PMID:27467582
in addition to its role in cancer metabolism, PKM2 plays a role in controlling systemic metabolic homeostasis and inflammation, thereby preventing hepatocellular carcinoma by a non-cell-autonomous mechanism.PMID:27125672
Evidence That Does Not Support Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2)-catalyzed Reaction as a Rate-limiting Step in Cancer Cell Glycolysis.PMID:26917721
PKM2 promotes cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and inhibits apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells via Wnt/CTNNB1 signaling.PMID:26823761
Using [(32)P]-phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) we examine the direct substrates of PKM2 using recombinant enzyme and in vitro systems where PKM2 is genetically deleted. The findings argue against a role for PKM2 as a protein kinase.PMID:26300261
LPS-induced PKM2 enters into a complex with Hif-1alpha, which can directly bind to the IL-1beta promoter, an event that is inhibited by activation of PKM2.PMID:25565206
observed a shift in the enzyme pyruvate kinase from the adult M1 (PKM1) isoform to the fetal M2 (PKM2) isoform, a hallmark of the Warburg Effect, in the heart after sunitinib treatmentPMID:25735978
Muller glia compensate for their unique metabolic adaptations by using lactate and aspartate from neurons as surrogates for their missing PK and AGC1.PMID:25313047
PKM1 expression promotes a metabolic state that is unable to support DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.PMID:25482511
Up-regulation of PKM2 might protect intestinal epithelial cells against apoptosis possibly through Bcl-xl in Crohn's disease.PMID:24817408
This study provides the first evidence linking natural mutations in PKM2 with cancer.PMID:24492614
Our data reveal a complex interaction between STAT6 and PPARgamma in the regulation of liver and adipose tissue lipid depot distribution and design STAT6 as a novel link between inflammatory cell metabolism and adipocyte and hepatocyte function.PMID:23917405
PKM2 activity in beta-cells is oscillatory and are consistent with pulsatile PFK1 being the mediator of slow glycolytic oscillations.PMID:24100037
These data suggest that regulation of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform activity supports the different metabolic requirements of proliferating and nonproliferating tumor cells.PMID:24120138
PKM2 expression induces changes in type 1 fibers associated with muscle atrophy and muscle weakness in myotonic dystrophy type 1.PMID:23901116
PPARgamma contributes to PKM2 and HK2 expression in fatty liverPMID:22334075
Components of the mTOR/HIF1alpha/Myc-hnRNPs/PKM2 glycolysis signaling network could be targeted for the treatment of cancer caused by an aberrant RTK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathwayPMID:21325052
histidine-phosphorylated PGAM1 correlated with expression of PKM2 in cancer cell lines; decreased pyruvate kinase activity in PKM2-expressing cells allows PEP-dependent histidine phosphorylation of PGAM1 and may provide an alternate glycolytic pathwayPMID:20847263
splicing repressors hnRNP A1 and A2, as well as the polypyrimidine-tract-binding protein PTB, contribute to control of pyruvate kinase isoform M1 and M2 expressionPMID:20133837
Findings suggest that tyrosine phosphorylation regulates PKM2 to provide a metabolic advantage to tumor cells, thereby promoting tumor growth.PMID:19920251
study showed IL-3-induced nuclear translocation of the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (M2-PK) and examined its significance in cell proliferation [pyruvate kinase M2 isoform]PMID:17446165
results demonstrate that M2 expression is necessary for aerobic glycolysis and that this metabolic phenotype provides a selective growth advantage for tumour cells in vivoPMID:18337823
These findings suggest that M2 pyruvate kinase is a metabolic sensor which regulates cell proliferation, cell growth and apoptotic cell death in a glucose supply-dependent manner.PMID:19563799
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Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Protein Families
Pyruvate kinase family
Tissue Specificity
Embryonic stem cells and embryonal carcinoma cells.