Made-to-order (14-16 weeks)
Note: All of our proteins are default shipped with normal blue ice packs, if you request to ship with dry ice, please communicate with us in advance and extra fees will be charged.
Value-added Deliverables
① 200ug * antigen (positive control); ② 1ml * Pre-immune serum (negative control);
Quality Guarantee
① Antibody purity can be guaranteed above 90% by SDS-PAGE detection; ② ELISA titer can be guaranteed 1: 64,000; ③ WB validation with antigen can be guaranteed positive;
Transmembrane serine/threonine kinase activin type-1 receptor forming an activin receptor complex with activin receptor type-2 (ACVR2A or ACVR2B). Transduces the activin signal from the cell surface to the cytoplasm and is thus regulating a many physiological and pathological processes including neuronal differentiation and neuronal survival, hair follicle development and cycling, FSH production by the pituitary gland, wound healing, extracellular matrix production, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis. Activin is also thought to have a paracrine or autocrine role in follicular development in the ovary. Within the receptor complex, type-2 receptors (ACVR2A and/or ACVR2B) act as a primary activin receptors whereas the type-1 receptors like ACVR1B act as downstream transducers of activin signals. Activin binds to type-2 receptor at the plasma membrane and activates its serine-threonine kinase. The activated receptor type-2 then phosphorylates and activates the type-1 receptor such as ACVR1B. Once activated, the type-1 receptor binds and phosphorylates the SMAD proteins SMAD2 and SMAD3, on serine residues of the C-terminal tail. Soon after their association with the activin receptor and subsequent phosphorylation, SMAD2 and SMAD3 are released into the cytoplasm where they interact with the common partner SMAD4. This SMAD complex translocates into the nucleus where it mediates activin-induced transcription. Inhibitory SMAD7, which is recruited to ACVR1B through FKBP1A, can prevent the association of SMAD2 and SMAD3 with the activin receptor complex, thereby blocking the activin signal. Activin signal transduction is also antagonized by the binding to the receptor of inhibin-B via the IGSF1 inhibin coreceptor. ACVR1B also phosphorylates TDP2.
Gene References into Functions
Our study provided experimental and clinical evidence for the involvement of activin A and ALK4 in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillationPMID:28639003
Our results demonstrate that ALK4 haploinsufficiency ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction in a mouse pressure-overload model associated with inhibition of cardiac fibroblast activation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the suppression of Smad2/3 activity.PMID:27379535
ALK4 is an important profibrotic signaling molecule in the post-MI CF. Haplodeficiency of ALK4 significantly improved LV function and survival rate by attenuating CF in vivo, amelioratedPMID:28214509
Uterine Activin-Like Kinase 4 Regulates Trophoblast Development During Mouse PlacentationPMID:26484579
These results indicate that an appropriate level of activin signaling may be required for GSIS in pancreatic beta cells, and that activin signaling involves modulation of KATP channel activity.PMID:24928396
Signaling through the TGF beta-activin receptors ALK4/5/7 regulates testis formation and male germ cell development.PMID:23342175
identified ACVRIB as a direct target of miR-145. The ectopic expression of miR-145 reduced the levels of both ACVRIB mRNA and protein and also interfered with activin-induced Smad2 phosphorylation.PMID:22796494
Results identify a molecular mechanism that explains the cell-type specific aspects of signaling by myostatin, ALK4, ALK5, and other TGF-beta family members.PMID:22202673
Inhibin alpha-subunit N terminus interacts with activin type IB receptor to disrupt activin signaling.PMID:22267736
Knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the Nodal/Activin receptor Alk4/7 in cancer stem cells virtually abrogated their self-renewal capacity and in vivo tumorigenicityPMID:22056140
Our analysis of this Acvr1b knockout mouse line provides direct genetic evidence that Acvr1b signaling is required for both hair follicle development and cycling.PMID:21191412
analysis of expression and cellular compartmentalization of the activin receptors ActRIIA, ActRIIB and ActRIB, the inhibin co-receptor (betaglycan), and activin signaling proteins Smads 2, 3 and 4, and growth regulatory role during lactationPMID:12782414
Alk4 is expressed in the early development of thymocytes.PMID:16477644
activin receptor signaling is essential to optimize the performance of neuronal circuits in the mature brain under physiological conditionsPMID:16885157
ALK5 is required in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells for yolk sac vasculogenesis; in the absence of ALK5, ALK4 mediates SMAD2 phosphorylation and consequently SMAalpha expression.PMID:18029401
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Subcellular Location
Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Protein Families
Protein kinase superfamily, TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family, TGFB receptor subfamily