LRP1

LRP1, or Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1, also known as APOER, A2MR, APR, or CD91, is a large endocytic and signaling receptor that is a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor family. The precursor protein encoded by LRP1 is proteolytically cleaved by furin to produce 515 kDa and 85 kDa subunits, which form the mature receptor.
The mechanism of action of LRP1 involves a variety of cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, lipid homeostasis, and clearance of apoptotic cells. It is also required for the clearance of α2-macroglobulin-mediated secretion of amyloid precursor protein and β-amyloid protein, which are the main components of amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer's disease patients. LRP1 plays a key role in maintaining the function of vascular endothelial cells, regulating the blood-brain barrier, participating in lipid metabolism, and inflammatory responses. Abnormal expression of LRP1 is associated with atherosclerosis, tumor development, and neurodegenerative diseases.