ABCB1

ABCB1 is a transmembrane protein predominantly found in cells lining the blood-brain barrier, liver, intestine, and kidneys. By leveraging the energy from ATP breakdown, this protein transports drugs and other substances out of cells against their concentration gradients, which in turn reduces the intracellular drug levels and contributing to multidrug resistance. ABCB1 plays a pivotal role in cellular detoxification and homeostasis, and significantly impacts drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, making it a central player in drug resistance. Aberrant ABCB1 expression is linked to treatment resistance across a range of diseases, including the multidrug resistance observed in tumors.